AN ANALYZING THE IMPACT PANDEMIC OF COVID-19 TO THE EDUCATION IN INDONESIA: STUDENTS, TEACHERS AND PARENTS

Pandemic covid-19 has surprised people all over the world. It happen suddenly and give many impacts to all aspects of human’s life including education in Indonesia. Since, the minister of education and culture stated that all he activity of teaching and learning should be done at home by online learning, then it gives some positive and negative impact. The negative impacts are; not all teachers, studemts, or parents have a facility to access internet, nor use IT well, for example theachers who are old or students of pre school still need their parents’ help. Then, not all parent can earn money to buy internet quota. Moreover, the positives impacts are; the students become familiar to use IT and it is safe for them to avoid covid-19 outbreak by studying at home. Keyword: Covic pandemic 19, online learning, technology information Abstrak: Pandemi covid-19 telah mengejutkan semua orang di seluruh dunia. Pandemi ini terjadi secara tiba-tiba dan berimbas pada seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia termasuk pendidikan di Indonesia. Sejak menteri pendidikan dan kebudayaan menyatakan bahwa semua kegiatan belajar mengajar harus dilakukan dirumah dengan pembelajaran online, kemudian hal ini memberikan dampak positif dan negatif. Dampak negative nya adalah; tidak semua guru, murid dan orang tua mempunyai fasilitas untuk mengakses internet bahkan tidak bisa menggunakan IT dengan baik seperti guru yang sudah berusia lanjut atau siswa yang dibawah umur yang masih membutuhkan bantuan orang tua. Kemudian tidak semua orang tua bisa membeli kuota internet. Selanjutnya, dampak positifnya adalah siswa menjadi terbiasa mengunakan IT dan membuat mereka lebih aman dalam menhindari penyebaran covid-19 dengan belajar dirumah. Katakunci: Pandemi covid 19, belajar online, teknologi informasi


INTRODUCTION
Pandemic of Covid-19 has knocked down all over the world. Thousands of people had died because of this virus include medical staff as the first person who handle this diseases. There were many doctors and nurses infected the virus of the patients. The world cannot battle this small things. It spread fast and uncontrollably. In order to stop the spread of this virus getting wide, there are some preventive action to do while scientists try to find out vaccine as curative action. Such as, always wearing a mask, washing hands, doing social distancing in a crowd, and keeping body's immune healthy.
Many public activities should be stopped. Such as, work from home, study at home, stay at home and others activities should be done at home to avoid contact with other person. No public places are opened and many cities in Indonesia are lock down even some countries are closed for foreigners. More or least five months most people should stay at home. Furthermore, it gives many impacts to all aspects of human life, such as social, culture, health, economic, law, and also education. The impact of social culture are people cannot interact each other directly, they should stay at home and do communication by phone or social media. Public officers should work from instead of the office. The impact in economic aspect are many people lost they job because some factories, malls, department stores, shops, cafes, or even restaurants are closed. The impact in law aspect are the ministry of law decided to let many criminals go home to avoid contact each other and the spread of this virus in the jail.
A great impact also infected education aspect in Indonesia. Government decides to stop teaching and learning activity at school. Teachers and students do it at home through internet or online learning. E-learning is one of the solution during this pandemic. Many students learn at home and cannot interact with their teacher and friends. It influence some students' style in learning, their capability and their achievement in understanding the lesson. These what the writer would like to discuss whether the learning style of the students during pandemic of Covid-19 gives positive or negative impacts to their achievement of studying.

METHOD
This research is literature study. Sugiyono (2012) in Dewi (2020) stated that literature study is a theoretical study, reference and another scientific literature include culture, values, norm that develop to social situation in the research.
The data collection take from some articles of online journals. The researcher searched some articles of online journals using keywords of learning style, covid-19, achievement of study. Through the keywords found that there are eight articles relevance to the research. The research technic done by documentation finding data of something or variables such as notes, books, articles, journals, and news Arikunto, (2010) in Dewi (2020). In validity exam, the researcher used triangulation data source. An analyzing done in four steps; (1) data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data display, and (4) conclusion.
RESULT Furthermore, from the data collections there are found some information support this research.

COVID-19
The outbreak of covid-19 had frightened people all over the world. What is Corona Virus Disease 2019? It is a name of a new virus that never exist before. This virus comes from Wuhan, China. It spread fast to all over the world even to Indonesia. In the beginning of 2020. On March, 2020 Indonesia report there were 2 person got positive of Covid-19. Unfortunately, up to now November 2020 there are thousands of people in Indonesia attacked by covid-19. The signs that someone attacked by covid-19 are fever, cough, and interference of respiratory system. The incubation time of this virus approximately 5-6 days and longer incubation 14 days.
It comes suddenly and force the government in all countries or even in Indonesia had to decided something difficult. There are almost no activities outside home, especially in a place that make crowd, such as market, mall, office, school, park, factories except hospital as the important place for recovery patient of covid-19. Everybody has to isolated him/herself to stop spread of the virus getting wisely. It paralyzed all aspect of human life such as social, culture, health, economic, law, and also education. Almost all country and city in the world has to be locked down.
The same action also done in Indonesia. The government decided to stop societies' activity. Everybody should work from home and study at home. The Ministry of Education and Culture, Nadiem Makarim (2020) stated through web seminar that the principles of education policy's issued during pandemic of covid-19 by making main priority of students', teachers', education officers', family, and societies' health and safety. The new year academic study for every unit of education of pre-elementary, elementary, junior high school, and senior high school start from July 2020, but for those who are in the yellow, orange, and red zone forbidden to do study face to face at school. They should continue to study at home.

E-LEARNING
In terminology e-learning known as online learning, distance learning, or in network learning. According to Ainurrahman in Silahuddin (2015) that the development of e-learning technology has given new nuance in the education aspect. Conventionally, in the past time, teachers and lecturers did the teaching and learning activities by gathering the students in a certain place or room in the same time, that condition today has enriched by the development of technology which is not obliged the students stay together in by the limitation of time and place.
Considering the importance of study even in the covid-a9 outbreak so, elearning in online network is the main solution for students and teachers to do teaching and learning activities at home during the pandemic of covid-19 time. Since everybody should do social distancing and cannot easily get contact each other all the activities in the classroom move to home. Students learn by themselves using social media connected to the internet. Clark & Mayer in Hanum (2013) stated that elearning is one of a learning model facilitated and supported by technology of information and communication. Elearning has some characteristics: (1) It has a relevance content with the goal of learning; (2) It uses instructional method for example display of models and exercise to improve learning activities; (3) It uses medias such as words and pictures to deliver learning materials; (4) It is possible that learning directly as teacher centered (synchronous e-learning) or it designed as independent learning (asynchronous elearning); (5) It builds understanding and skill related to the learning's goal whether individually or improve group work learning. Based on Rusman, et all in Hanum (2013), e-learning has some characteristics such as; (a) interactivity; (b) independency; (c) accessibility; (d) enrichment.
Teachers send learning activities through social media or internet application such as whatsup group, youtube, google classroom, edmodo or meet the students in zoom meeting. By whatsup, teachers send message or pictures about the assignment what they have to do or teachers explain the material alone in the classroom and make a video of it then send it to the whatsup group. Some teachers also send a video of learning by youtube. In this case, students can play more time the video to refresh their mind. Moreover, teachers are able to explain the material and meet the students using google classroom, edmodo, or zoom meetimg helped by their parents at home. Unfortunately, not all students can access this facility through internet. There are many reason such as, they have no facility to access it at home, they have to wait their parents for help because their parents still work, or they cannot access it because there is no fee to buy internet quota. As we know in Indonesia not all parents are able to earn money for internet access.
Students wait learning activities from their teacher at home. It make them easy to do the assignment or watch teachers' explanation without time and place limitation. Teachers give them deadline time to submit the assignment such as a day, two days, or three days to give a spare time to students to do a lot of assignments . To make an interesting elearning based on Purbo in Yazdi (2012), there are three obligatory condition in design e-learning for online learning; simple, personal, and fast. E-learning or online learning should be simple to make the students easy do the task. In giving exercise, the command in the online form should be make as easy as possible so that the students could understood what to do without learn how to operate the command. Then, it should be personal to make the students easy do the task or ask something personally to the teacher and also as the opposite the teacher can contact the students personally if there is something wrong with the task. The last, it should be fast means the respond of the students task should be fast as possible in order to make the students get the feedback from the teacher. VIRTUAL CLASSROOM VS REAL CLASSROOM For a long time teaching and learning process means meeting the teachers and learners in the classroom. Conventionally, classroom is a place for students and teachers do learning activities. They have to meet and sit together in the same time. Unfortunately, the rapid changes of a situation and condition at the end of April in Indonesia and also all over the world force the students to study at home.
Virtual classroom should not have big difference with real classroom or training room. An effective class according to Porter in Darmayanti (2007) is able to: 1. Preparing tools needed by learners 2. Creating conducive atmosphere in learning 3. Creating togetherness between learners and teachers to transfer information and ideas 4. Making the learners possible to do experiment and finish their task 5. Developing a mechanism to evaluate learners' capability 6. Making available a comfortable and safe place to study Virtual classroom should facilitate student's need like in the real classroom but it will make them more independent in learning because it is not teacher centered like in conventional classroom. The access of internet should in a good network to make a good transfer of knowledge.
However, real classroom or face to face learning usually asked students and teacher to meet in one place and in the same time. Students need teacher to explain the lesson and wait some instruction to do some tasks. It is limit by time duration in each lesson. The students also have to bring some books for their need in learning.
Moreover, sometimes in conventional class teacher is a center of a learning if there is no right method. Students depend on the teacher to absorb knowledge. On the other hand, in virtual classroom can minimalize it.

DISCUSION THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 TO THE EDUCATION IN INDONESIA
Moreover, the covid-19 outbreak happen quickly and suddenly. It make all people in the world panic because it never happen before and also to the education world. Suddenly, all students has to study online at home. Of course it has positive and negative impact for students, teachers, and also parents.

POSITIVES IMPACTS
There are some positive impacts to the education during pandemic of covid-19, such as:  E-learning or online learning more effective and efficient than face to face learning during pandemic of covid-19 because it will make the students save to study at home than go to school. It is easy for the teachers to send the material of learning and the students also easy to access it through social media by internet.  Students become familiar to use IT as their daily need and activity. It make them have a new learning style in digital era to improve their knowledge of technology.  The learning method is students centered because they have to be independent in learning. It is different in with conventional learning (face to face) where students depend on the teacher as the only one who can transfer knowledge.  Since the students have to study at home, it make parents more protective to their children to eat healthy food to keep their immune in good condition in order to avoid covid-19 outbreak.  It also save fee of transportation for parents because their children do not have to go to school. NEGATIVE IMPACTS According to Aji (2020) some obstacles in making the teaching and learning by online learning effective, such as:  Some teachers and students lack of mastery in IT because not all teachers master how to use IT especially they are who are old and never use and know about IT. Also, for the students in the early age of pre-school or elementary school that still need their parents help.  The limitation of facility such as laptop, computer, or cellular phone because not all teachers and students have them.  The limitation of internet access, especially for teachers and students who live in remote area. It will make difficult to do online learning.  There are some teachers, students, or parents who are lack in preparing fee to access internet to online learning because not all teachers, students, or parents are affordable to buy internet quota. Some of parents have to lost their job during pandemic of covid-19 and they cannot earn money anymore.  There are disadvantage for the students in assessment aspect because there is a new way in teaching, learning, doing exercise, and exam. It may some mistakes in giving score from teachers to the students. Delivering material and assessment in face to face learning way different with online learning.

CONCLUSION
Since covid-19 outbreak happen suddenly at the end of April in Indonesia and over the world, all aspects of human life got the impact include education aspect. The minister of education and culture Nadiem Makarim ordered the teaching and learning process done at home. Most of all students in Indonesia have to study online from home. It never happen before and all stakeholders should agrree with this condition for safety.
During pandemic of covid-19 students have to study online. Using elearning in virtual classroom is not as simple as we think. There many positive and negative impact in it. The positive impacts are: first, students safe to study at home by accessing the material of learning through internet. Second, students become familiar using IT in digital era. Third, students become independent in learning. Fourth, parents always give healthy food to keep their children in a good condition. Fifth, parents can save fee of transportation to go to school.
On the other hand, there are also some negatives impact appear, such as: first, not all teachers and students know about IT. Second, not all teachers and students have laptop, computer and handphone. Third, not all teachers, students, or parents could buy internet quota to access tthe internet. Fourth, it may some mistakes in giving score on students task because it is a new way in learning and deliver material or give asessment in online leraning different with face to face way. Furthermore, education system in Indonesia should be repaired as the impact of covid-19, so that students get their right even they are not study at school. It needs cooperation between governmet, teachers, students, and parents to make teaching and learnimg process in virtual clasroom run smoothly.